Ben Bernanke is quoted below: "I think all of our efforts, so far -- have produced results. We're buying about $500 billion in -- mortgages -- in package and securities by -- the G.S.E.s, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. And -- that seems -- to have brought down mortgage rates significantly. It allows people to refinance. To get out of high rate mortgages. we are seeing progress in -- in the money market mutual funds, and in the business lending area. And I think as those green shoots begin to appear in different markets -- and as some confidence begins to come back -- that will begin the positive dynamic that brings our economy back. I do. I do see green shoots. And -- not everywhere, but certainly in some of the markets that we've been -- functioning in. And -- we've seen some improvement in-- in the banks, as well, certainly in some key cases."